How Did the National Woman's
Party Address the
Issue of the Enfranchisement of Black Women, 1919-1924?
Endnotes
Introduction
1. Christine
A. Lunardini, From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights: Alice Paul and the
National Woman's Party, 1910-1928 (New York: New York University Press,
1986), pp. 21-22.
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2. Marjorie Spruill
Wheeler, Votes For Women (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press,
1995), p. 77.
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3. Sharon Harley
and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn, The Afro-American Woman: Struggles and Images
(Port Washington: National University Press, 1978), pp. 24-25.
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4. Wheeler, Votes
For Women, p. 19.
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5. Wheeler, Votes
For Women, p. 95.
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6. Nancy Cott,
Grounding of Modern Feminism (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987),
pp. 64-70.
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7. Lunardini,
From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights, p. 161.
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8. Cott, Grounding
of Modern Feminism, pp. 64-70.
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9. Dorothy Sterling,
Black Foremothers (Old Westbury: The Feminist Press, 1979), p. 147.
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Document 1
10. Rosalyn
M. Terborg-Penn, " Afro-Americans in the Struggle for Woman Suffrage"
(Unpublished Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan, 1978), p. 297.
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Document 6
11. Inez
Hayes Irwin, The Story of the Woman's Party (New York: Harcourt, Brace,
1921; reprint, New York: Kraus Reprint, 1971), pp. 9-13.
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Document 9
12. Lunardini,
From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights, p. 8.
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13. For
a discussion of the NWP's planning and the three-day convention held in mid-February
1921, see Lunardini, From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights, p. 152.
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Document 13
14. Irwin, The
Story of the Woman's Party, p. 233.
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Document 15
15. Quoted in
Cott, Grounding of Modern Feminism, p. 69.
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Document 17
16. Sara Alpern,
Freda Kirchwey: A Woman of the Nation (Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1987), p. 42.
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17. Alpern,
Freda Kirchwey, p. 43.
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Document 19
18. Lunardini,
From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights, p. 161.
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Document 20
19. For
more on the life of Inez Milholland, see "Inez Milholland Boissevain," in
Edward T. James, et al., eds., Notable American Women 1607-1950
A Biographical Dictionary, 3 vols. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University
Press, 1971).
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20. Mary Church
Terrell, A Colored Woman in a White World (Washington D.C.: Ransdell,
1940), p. 36.
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