Portland
YWCA and World War II
Document
1
Document
2
Aid
to Women
Interracial
Charter
Youth
on the Move
|
World War
II: Interracial Charter, 1946
Research by
Rose M. Murdock and Melanie Wright
|
National
Convention, 1946
|
In
response to pressure from within YWCA branches, notably black women
activists in and around Washington, D.C., the YWCA National Convention
passed an "Interracial Charter" at Atlantic City in 1946 and took a
strong public stand against racism. "Wherever there is injustice
on the basis of race, whether in the community, the nation or the world,"
read the Charter, "our protest must be clear and our labor for its removal,
vigorous and steady." What the Charter meant in practice, however, varied
greatly throughout the country. Hopes ran high in Portland, and the
actions of African-American and Asian-American women staff made a strong
and positive impression on many other members of the organization. "There
is an excellent racial philosophy in the Business and Professional Department,"
noted one report on the Portland YWCA, "both in relation to the Negro
and Japanese leadership."[1]
However,
there were rough spots. As in other cities,
|
Integrated
Christmas Choir, 1946
|
integration usually meant transforming "colored branch" YWCAs into integrated
"centers." The Committee of Management at Portland's Williams Avenue Branch
was thus expected to provide an integrated program, a feat difficult to
accomplish given war-time migration and the resulting changing demographics
of the surrounding neighborhood in Northeast Portland. A white staff person
was installed at Williams and an historically black girls' club, the Trianon
Girl Reserves, was disbanded. These changes, plus the fact that Asian-American
youth remained in segregated clubs, created pain and tension among YWCA
young people. Despite the Portland YWCA's hiring of Marjorie
H. Jackson as Associate Executive Director in 1945, the first black
woman in the country to hold such a position, black women and girls' participation
dropped over 50% during the war and never recovered. Unfortunately, Portland
was far from alone as a national YWCA report noted in 1946 that the local
staff seemed to be in "quite a confused state as to what is meant by 'interracial.'"[2]
1.
"Visitation Report," by Winnifred Wygal, March 10-13, 1941,
Community Files, Administrative Affairs, National YWCA Records, New
York City (Microfilm, Reel #207).
Back
to Text
2.
Quote from "Report of Local Visit," by Esther Briesemiester,
February 21-23, 1945, Community Files, Administrative Affairs, National
YWCA Records, New York City (Microfilm, Reel #207). See also Teen-age
Department Annual Descriptive Report, 1945, Portland YWCA Archives,
Portland, Oregon.
Back
to Text
|
YWCA
Today | Programs | African-American
Women |
| Asian-American Women | Religion,
Race, & Reform | Buildings
| Camping |
|